农药酶免疫分析技术研究进展

自从酶免疫分析原理提出后，近30年来已获得了巨大的进步，成为农药分析的一个非常重要的方法。本文对农药酶免疫分析技术的原理和测定程序进行了评述．并总结了近年酶免疫分析在农药领域研究中的应用，最后，对农药酶免疫分析技术存在的问题和发展趋势作了讨论。     

BsC3-41杀蚊幼制剂对蚊幼虫毒杀效果研究

通过以BsC3- 41杀蚊幼制剂对 3种蚊幼虫进行生物活性测定和野外灭蚊试验 ,结果表明 :该制剂对致乏库蚊CulexfatigansWiedemann的毒杀效果最好、对中华按蚊AnophelessinensisWiedemann次之、对白纹伊蚊AedesalbopictusSkuse的效果较差 ,2 4小时LC50值分别为 0 2 0 2 5 μg/ml、 2 5 363μg/ml和 5 9 730 2 μg/ml。野外水体灭蚊使用 3ml/m2 的浓度防治淡色库蚊效果可达 98 88%～ 1 0 0 0 0 % ,使用 1 0ml/m2 的浓度防治中华按蚊效果可达96 81 %～ 1 0 0 0 0 % ,使用 2 0 0ml/m2 的浓度防治白纹伊蚊效果达到 90 64%以上。     

生姜癞皮病的发生危害及病原初步鉴定

生姜癞皮病在山东7月开始发病,8月中旬至9月中旬为盛发期。病株植株矮小、茎细、分枝少,叶色变淡,根茎表皮疣裂,根系腐烂,产量品质降低。病原物为南方根结线虫。砂质土壤、连作重茬、过量施钾肥均可加重该病的发生。     

Effects of changing PKC activity on proliferation and telomerase expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

AIM: To investigate whether protein kinase C (PKC) is involved in the proliferation and the telomerase expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. METHODS: Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (BEL-7402) were treated with exogenous phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA, PKC activator) and staurosporine (SP, PKC inhibitor) for 48 hours. The techniques of cell culture and the telomeric repeat amplification protocol silver staining in combination with computer image scanning system in vitro were used to observe the variations of the growth and the telomerase expression. RESULTS: The proliferative potential of BEL-7402 cells was decreased by the action of PMA as well as SP, and the telomerase expression was also inhibited by PMA and SP. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the telomerase expression may be related to PKC.     

Expression and subcellular localization of urocortin in syncytiotrophoblast of human term placenta

AIM: To obverse the expression and localization of urocortin on ultrathin cryosections of syncytiotrophoblast of human term placenta with immunocytochemistry technique under transmission electron microscope. METHODS: The human term placenta tissue from Cesarean delivery and normal labor were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, and then divided into two parts. One part was for regular immunocytochemistry under microscope, and the other part was used to prepare ultrathin cryosections for immunocytochemistry under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: 1.Uroncortin mainly distributed in cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblast of human term placenta under microscope. Urocortin also appeared in cytoplasm in some stromal cells. 2. Under transmission electron microscope, the anti-urocortin gold particles were observed in cytoplasm of syncytioptrophoblast ultrathin cryosections and sited on rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. The anti-urocortin gold particles also appeared on nucleus and nuclear membrane of syncytiotrophoblast. CONCLUSION: Syncytiotrophoblast of human term placenta synthesized and secreted urocortin. The internalization of urocortin within syncytiotrophoblast nuclear indicates that urocortin may act as intracrine.     

中华鳖对温和气单胞菌口服微球缓释疫苗的免疫应答

以中华鳖温和气单胞菌 (Aeromonas sobria,As) Z- 1株灭活全菌液 ,采用生物降解性高分子材料制成缓释微球疫苗 ,口服免疫中华鳖 ,测定血清中凝集抗体、血液中白细胞杀菌率以及对活菌攻击的免疫保护率。结果表明 ,中华鳖口服微球疫苗 ,其血清中凝集抗体效价和血液中白细胞杀菌百分率均可达到灭活菌液注射组相当的水平 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,显著高于对照组 (P<0 .0 1) ;微球疫苗口服组和灭活菌液注射组的免疫保护率分别为 94 .7%和 89.5 % ,两者差异不显著 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,而对照组小鼠 95 %死亡。采用可生物降解微球作为中华鳖气单胞菌口服疫苗的载体系统是可行的。     

单宁对反刍动物营养代谢的影响

单宁是一类广泛分布于植物中的多酚类化合物，具有多种生理活性。本文主要对单宁的理化性质、单宁在植物尤其饲料作物中的分布以及单宁对反刍动物营养代谢的影响以及应用作一综述。     

百例牛剖腹产手术的经验及技术探讨

难产是牛常见的产科病之一，奶牛发病明显高于黄牛。难产发生以后，经过各种办法难以从阴道产出犊牛，就应果断的，不失时机的施行剖腹产手术，从而有效的救治牛只。如能慎重果断的选择病例，早期进行手术，加上熟练的技术，成功率是很高的。     

几种缓释肥的氮释放特性以及对草坪草生长的影响

实验室内采用水浸泡法对尿素、3种缓效肥和山西省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所研制(自研草坪肥)的缓效肥的初期溶出率和微分溶出率进行了测定.其中尿素的初期溶出率为22.75%,超出了国际上公认的缓/控释肥的初期溶出率小于15%的指标,而微分溶出率为0.22%,也小于国际上公认的缓/控释肥的微分溶出率(0.25%～2.5%)指标.其他几种缓释肥的初期溶出率为8.73%～14.42%,微分溶出率为0.30%～2.11%,符合国际上公认的缓/控释肥的初期溶出率和微分溶出率指标.田间试验比较和研究了尿素、3种缓效肥和山西省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所研制的缓效肥对草坪草的干草产量和养分含量的影响,尿素和包衣尿素处理的草坪草的生长量前期较高,后期产草量较低,呈马鞍型.其他处理的草坪草干草产量则比较平缓,肥料的氮释放特性与草坪草生长趋势相同.不同肥料处理对草坪草的中量、微量元素含量有一定的影响.     

春季休牧对草原和家畜生产力的影响

从4月上旬到6月下旬,在内蒙古锡林郭勒典型草原,进行春季休牧试验,对休牧和非休牧的草原进行生产力监测.结果表明:春季休牧可以有效地保护草原生态环境,经过两个月休牧后,草原植被状况明显改善;休牧期间采用低投入维持性饲养,可以显著降低饲养成本.并对休牧措施的生态效益、生产实践可行性和经济合理性进行综合讨论和评价.